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                  <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
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                  <text>In May and June of 1912, two itinerant photographers arrived in Dubuque and began shooting the photographs that would become the Klauer Collection. For three weeks they traveled throughout the city with a large-format camera and a magnesium-powder flash lamp taking approximately 440 photographs of workers in factories, offices, shops, saloons and even the operating room at Mercy Hospital. We don't know the photographers' names, although they each posed as customers as needed, leaving us with several self-portraits. This type of workplace photography was not unusual in 1912 – itinerant photographers traveled the country photographing cities large and small. However, the fact that most of the glass negatives did survive together, intact for 100 years, is unusual. Itinerant photographers could not carry their solid glass plates with them and instead sold them to junk dealers who scraped the emulsion clean and resold them. Fortunately, the Dubuque photographers sold the plates to Peter Klauer, then President of Klauer Manufacturing Company, who stored them in one of his warehouses. In the 1970s, at least two sets of contact prints were made and in the 1980s, Peter’s grandson, William, donated a set of contact prints to the Center for Dubuque History. Later, 330 of the glass plates - all that remained - were also donated.</text>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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              <text>1 glass negative: b &amp; w</text>
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              <text>6.5 x 8.5 in.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[Upper floor office in the Security Building]</text>
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                <text>Photographer unknown</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Two young men and an older man, all dressed in dark suits, are seated at desks and work tables in a small office. One of the younger men is holding a cigar and writing in a large ledger, while the other young man is holding a pipe and seated at a desk in front of a typewriter.  A telephone is also visible on this desk. A double electric bell, perhaps for the telephone, with the numbers “288” above it, is mounted on a nearby wall, next to a window. The window frame is curved at the top, and has a striped awning. The view from this window is of the upper floor and roof of a nearby building. Next to the older man’s desk is a small bookcase or library cart filled with large record books.  A large, gas chandelier hangs from the ceiling. An electric desk lamp is visible on top of the older man’s desk. The number “243” has been written on the emulsion side of the negative and is visible in the upper right corner of the picture. The number “1” is written in the upper left corner.</text>
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                <text>1912-05/06</text>
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                <text>Security Building, 8th and Main Streets, Dubuque, Iowa</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Offices&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
William J. Klauer Collection&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Itinerant photographers</text>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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                <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
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                <text>KL 017-433</text>
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                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a glass plate negative scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi. </text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2013 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the William J. Klauer Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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                  <text>The Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
Description&#13;
Rev. Herman J. Loemker, a German-born pastor, served in eighteen German Methodist Episcopal churches in Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin and South Dakota from the 1880’s until his death in 1937. While he utilized lantern slides for temperance lectures, he also produced lantern slides illustrating the communities where he lived. He served as pastor of the German ME church in Dubuque from 1915 to 1917. Nearly 270 of his glass lantern slides depicting Dubuque and a few of the surrounding communities are now in the collections of the Loras College Center for Dubuque History. These include Sunday school parades, churches, schools, buildings, steamboats, rural scenes, road construction, and some unique images of train wrecks, Union Park, and the horse racing track at Nutwood Park. The images offer a snapshot of life in Dubuque from the pre-World War I era to the early 1930’s.</text>
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                  <text>Loemker, Reverend Herman J.&#13;
Iowa -- Pictoral Works&#13;
Illinois -- Pictoral Works&#13;
Wisconsin -- Pictoral Works</text>
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                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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              <text>1 lantern slide: b &amp; w</text>
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              <text>3.25 x 4.0 in.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[Uppinghouse girls in Dubuque, Iowa, 1915]</text>
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                <text>Loemker, Herman J., 1868-1937</text>
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                <text>Two older girls are seen standing together on some wooden steps leading to a porch. They are both dressed in black dresses, black tights and shoes and have black bows in their hair. The taller girl is holding a china doll dressed in a long dress. The younger girl is holding a puppy. The image appears to have been taken during the wintertime. Snow is visible near the porch and in the yard. The label on the slide reads "Uppinghouse girls."The number 1299 is written on a label that has been stuck to the lower left corner of the slide.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1915</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Girls&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
Lantern slides&#13;
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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                <text>Herman J. Loemker Collection</text>
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                <text>LO 181</text>
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                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a glass lantern slide scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2015 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the Herman J. Loemker Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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                  <text>In May and June of 1912, two itinerant photographers arrived in Dubuque and began shooting the photographs that would become the Klauer Collection. For three weeks they traveled throughout the city with a large-format camera and a magnesium-powder flash lamp taking approximately 440 photographs of workers in factories, offices, shops, saloons and even the operating room at Mercy Hospital. We don't know the photographers' names, although they each posed as customers as needed, leaving us with several self-portraits. This type of workplace photography was not unusual in 1912 – itinerant photographers traveled the country photographing cities large and small. However, the fact that most of the glass negatives did survive together, intact for 100 years, is unusual. Itinerant photographers could not carry their solid glass plates with them and instead sold them to junk dealers who scraped the emulsion clean and resold them. Fortunately, the Dubuque photographers sold the plates to Peter Klauer, then President of Klauer Manufacturing Company, who stored them in one of his warehouses. In the 1970s, at least two sets of contact prints were made and in the 1980s, Peter’s grandson, William, donated a set of contact prints to the Center for Dubuque History. Later, 330 of the glass plates - all that remained - were also donated.</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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              <text>1 glass negative: b &amp; w</text>
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          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>6.5 x 8.5 in.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[Vienna Bakery]</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Photographer unknown</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Two women and one man are standing behind wood and glass cases filled with baked goods. Additional bakery items are visible on shelves behind the man, and rolls of wrapping paper hanging on a metal stand may be seen on the counter near him.  Several pies have been placed on the display counter in front of the women. A wall clock behind them reads “9:25.” The number “227” has been written on the emulsion side of the negative and is visible in the upper right corner of the picture. The number 3 has been written in the upper left corner.</text>
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                <text>1108 Iowa Street, Dubuque, Iowa</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Bakeries&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
 William J. Klauer Collection&#13;
 Glass negatives&#13;
 Itinerant photographers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="139300">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2015 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This view looks south along Main Street in Sherrill, Iowa. The street is unpaved. A small brick building is directly across from the camera. The work “BANK” has been inscribed in the stone door frame. A large brick church with a tall steeple is partially visible further away from the camera. The photographer’s notes indicate that this was the local Catholic church. The name of the parish is St. Peter and St. Paul.</text>
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Streets&#13;
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Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
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Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
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Iowa -- Pictoral Works&#13;
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Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2015 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>The small community of Durango, in Dubuque County, Iowa is shown nestled at the base of a bluff. The image was taken from an elevated location, probably on another bluff above the railroad tracks, which are visible in the foreground. Several homes, outbuildings and business are visible, clustered along an unpaved road.</text>
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                <text>ca. 1925</text>
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Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
Lantern slides&#13;
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2015 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the Herman J. Loemker Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                  <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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                  <text>Hannah Bernhard, Michael Gibson, Sydney Reilly.</text>
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      <name>Image</name>
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              <text>color print</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Landscapes &amp; Nature</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52161</text>
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                <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[View of Farm and Bluff]</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>HOFF 00162</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="143611">
                <text>Digital image captured with an Epson V600 scanner. TIFF file created from a print scanned in 48 bit color at 600 ppi.</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="143612">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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                <text>Bernhard, Hannah</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A country road winds past a farm and several outbuildings that are at the base of a tree-covered bluff.</text>
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        <src>https://dmz4.loras.edu/files/original/db5cb5340a0f88160f8fdbdfa5696167.jpg</src>
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                  <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
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                  <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
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                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
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                  <text>Early 20th Century</text>
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              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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              <name>Source</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88539">
                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Image</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
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                  <text>Hoffman Collection Originals Box 1-4</text>
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            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88542">
                  <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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              <name>Publisher</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88543">
                  <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>Hannah Bernhard, Michael Gibson, Sydney Reilly.</text>
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              <name>Conforms To</name>
              <description>An established standard to which the described resource conforms.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88545">
                  <text>Dublin Core Standards</text>
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      <name>Image</name>
      <description>A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="145694">
              <text>black and white print</text>
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        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>6.5 x 8.5 in.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="145682">
                <text>Sgt. Villaneva, S.C.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Military</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="145684">
                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52323</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
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                <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[View of Griscourt Taken from Church Tower, Villers-en-Haye, Meurthe et Moselle, France]</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="145687">
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>Digital image captured with an Epson V600 scanner. TIFF file created from a print scanned in 48 bit color at 600 ppi.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="145689">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="145690">
                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Bernhard, Hannah</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="145692">
                <text>The photograph is shot overlooking a city, which is in the bottom foreground; stretching across the back are open fields with a road cutting through them. The houses have tiled roofs. The photo is marked as U.S. Official, 51684.&#13;
&#13;
The item is cataloged at the National Archives: https://catalog.archives.gov/id/86708568</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="145693">
                <text>October 10, 1918</text>
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      <tag tagId="54">
        <name>U.S. Official Photograph</name>
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