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                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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                  <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>[Men in Remains of Old House]</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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                <text>Emil Youngblood on the left, is standing with his hands in his pockets, on the remains of an old house. It appears to be a porch, but there are walls of the old house visible to the left that show the inside of the house. To his right is Edward Hoffmann who is sitting, facing towards the left, but looking at the photographer. Both men are on what appears to be the main floor or foundation of the house. Edward's hair is parted near the left side of his head and is slicked back. Behind the men is a window and a door that is on a wooden wall. The roof above them extends over the still visible wall with the window and the door. There is overgrown grass in front of the building, as well as on the sides. Trees, full of leaves are on either side of the house.</text>
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                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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                <text>Four men are standing on the boat White City, which has a covered pilot house. It is docked on the river, possibly an offshoot of the Mississippi.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88507">
                  <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88508">
                  <text>In May and June of 1912, two itinerant photographers arrived in Dubuque and began shooting the photographs that would become the Klauer Collection. For three weeks they traveled throughout the city with a large-format camera and a magnesium-powder flash lamp taking approximately 440 photographs of workers in factories, offices, shops, saloons and even the operating room at Mercy Hospital. We don't know the photographers' names, although they each posed as customers as needed, leaving us with several self-portraits. This type of workplace photography was not unusual in 1912 – itinerant photographers traveled the country photographing cities large and small. However, the fact that most of the glass negatives did survive together, intact for 100 years, is unusual. Itinerant photographers could not carry their solid glass plates with them and instead sold them to junk dealers who scraped the emulsion clean and resold them. Fortunately, the Dubuque photographers sold the plates to Peter Klauer, then President of Klauer Manufacturing Company, who stored them in one of his warehouses. In the 1970s, at least two sets of contact prints were made and in the 1980s, Peter’s grandson, William, donated a set of contact prints to the Center for Dubuque History. Later, 330 of the glass plates - all that remained - were also donated.</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88509">
                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Gelatin silver prints&#13;
Itinerant Photographers</text>
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            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88510">
                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Image</name>
      <description>A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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              <text>1 glass negative: b &amp; w</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="132997">
              <text>6.5 x 8.5 in.</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132982">
                <text>[Men loading machines at McFadden Coffee &amp; Spice Company]</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132983">
                <text>Photographer unknown</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132984">
                <text>Four men are working on the upper floor of a warehouse building of the McFadden Coffee &amp; Spice Company. One man appears to be servicing a large machine. Behind this man are three hoppers full of spices, or perhaps different kinds of tea or coffee. The hoppers have small wheels on the bottom and run on tracks. Another man is using levers attached to the hoppers to tip one of them on its side into a partially visible hole in the floor. Similar covered holes are partially visible under adjacent hoppers. A light-colored, concrete post extending vertically from the floor to the ceiling is visible, as is ductwork for an exhaust system leading to a large covered fan venting through an upper wall near some roof-mounted windows. In the rear of the image, two men are visible. One is pushing a cart filled with large bags of coffee, tea or spices. The number “60” has been written on the emulsion side of the negative and is visible in the upper right corner of the picture. The number “4” is written in the upper left corner.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132985">
                <text>1912-05/06</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132986">
                <text>1st and Iowa Streets, Dubuque, Iowa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132987">
                <text>Spices&#13;
Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial works&#13;
William J. Klauer Collection&#13;
Glass negatives&#13;
Itinerant photographers</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>References</name>
            <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132988">
                <text>According to an Historic American Buildings Survey, HABS IA-160-H, (www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ia0285/) “James and Edward McFadden formed the McFadden Brothers Grocery and Provisions Store in 1884 on the southwest corner of Fifth and Main streets. Two years later they … formed the McFadden Coffee and Spice Company with Joseph McFadden and John A. McKinlay to import, manufacture and import coffee, ground spices, coconut, chocolate, hops, soap and baking powder. After an initial period of hardship, the company began a period of continuous expansion …. McFadden shortly thereafter added tea to its product line and took over the plant of the Pritchard Buggy Top Company.... As the McFadden company expanded its sales rapidly throughout Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota and the Dakotas during the 1890s, the firm moved into the double store of the defunct Mitchell Tranfer [sic] House and then occupied three more buildings. In December 1902 the McFadden Coffee and Spice Company was incorporated with a capitalization of $100,000. With James McFadden as president and Joseph McFadden as secretary, the firm was finally able to consolidate its operation on October 1, 1910, when it moved into [an] immense factory and warehouse - "a model of perfection," according to a 1911 Dubuque business gazetteer. Built at a time in which reinforced concrete frame construction for buildings was beginning to gain rapidly in popularity, the McFadden Factory and Warehouse is architecturally significant as a novel and innovative foray into the new use of a material:  [concrete, and] one of Dubuque's earliest truly fireproof buildings. It is historically significant for its association with the McFadden Coffee and Spice Company, a successful representative of one of the city's secondary industries.”</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132989">
                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132990">
                <text>William J. Klauer Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="132991">
                <text>Still image</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132992">
                <text>KL 020-083</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132993">
                <text>Digital image captured using a Microtek ScanMaker 8700 with transparent media adapter. TIFF file created from a glass plate negative scanned in 16 - bit grey scale at 1200 ppi. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132994">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2013 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="132995">
                <text>This record is part of the William J. Klauer Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
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  <item itemId="5932" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="7600">
        <src>https://dmz4.loras.edu/files/original/71ac1620753e008313b727da17117261.jpg</src>
        <authentication>0017c7c79fa190a372e85f62d90769ab</authentication>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88534">
                  <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88535">
                  <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
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            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88536">
                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88537">
                  <text>Early 20th Century</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88538">
                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88539">
                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="51">
              <name>Type</name>
              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88540">
                  <text>Image</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88541">
                  <text>Hoffman Collection Originals Box 1-4</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88542">
                  <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88543">
                  <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88544">
                  <text>Hannah Bernhard, Michael Gibson, Sydney Reilly.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="65">
              <name>Conforms To</name>
              <description>An established standard to which the described resource conforms.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88545">
                  <text>Dublin Core Standards</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Image</name>
      <description>A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="142743">
              <text>color print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="142744">
              <text>3.5 x 5.5 in.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142732">
                <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142733">
                <text>Individuals &amp; Groups</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142734">
                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52107</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142735">
                <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142736">
                <text>[Men Lounging by River]</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142737">
                <text>HOFF 00107</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142738">
                <text>Digital image captured with an Epson V600 scanner. TIFF file created from a print scanned in 48 bit color at 600 ppi.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142739">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142740">
                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142741">
                <text>Bernhard, Hannah</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142742">
                <text>Two men are standing on the bank of the river while the other two sit and lean on the boat pulled up onshore. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="5523" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://dmz4.loras.edu/files/original/407421bc737d88852a318f9c236d4984.jpg</src>
        <authentication>dd942726f381e5f297c1a0a70bbbf00d</authentication>
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    </fileContainer>
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88511">
                  <text>Herman J. Loemker Collection</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88512">
                  <text>The Herman J. Loemker Collection&#13;
Description&#13;
Rev. Herman J. Loemker, a German-born pastor, served in eighteen German Methodist Episcopal churches in Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin and South Dakota from the 1880’s until his death in 1937. While he utilized lantern slides for temperance lectures, he also produced lantern slides illustrating the communities where he lived. He served as pastor of the German ME church in Dubuque from 1915 to 1917. Nearly 270 of his glass lantern slides depicting Dubuque and a few of the surrounding communities are now in the collections of the Loras College Center for Dubuque History. These include Sunday school parades, churches, schools, buildings, steamboats, rural scenes, road construction, and some unique images of train wrecks, Union Park, and the horse racing track at Nutwood Park. The images offer a snapshot of life in Dubuque from the pre-World War I era to the early 1930’s.</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88513">
                  <text>Loemker, Reverend Herman J.&#13;
Iowa -- Pictoral Works&#13;
Illinois -- Pictoral Works&#13;
Wisconsin -- Pictoral Works</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88514">
                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>Image</name>
      <description>A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="137694">
              <text>1 lantern slide: b &amp; w</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="137695">
              <text>3.25 x 4.0 in.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © 2015 LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
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Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
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Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
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Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
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                <text>[Men on Frozen River]</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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                <text>Albert D. Hoffmann sits above everyone else on the hill. He left hand is in a fist and sitting on his hip, and his right arm is resting on his right leg, which is raised and resting on a rock. Below Albert is Peter B. Hoffmann Sr. who is sitting with his hands on his legs and looking into the distance. Next to Peter is Edward Hoffmann who is bent down and looking down at the ground with his face inches from the ground. Above his is Emil Youngblood who is crouched down with his right hand on the ground, looking as if to pick something up, and is holding a flower in his left hand. The hill has a few thin trees with no leaves.</text>
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
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Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
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Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="143652">
                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Bernhard, Hannah</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A group of twelve men dressed in coats and hats are standing on the iced-over river near the train bridge on the Mississippi.</text>
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        <src>https://dmz4.loras.edu/files/original/b956e0f5ba39cdb70e2de30440c13295.jpg</src>
        <authentication>76c762f2f30f90f96b58a51ec14511da</authentication>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
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            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88535">
                  <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>This is a digital collection of the photographic works of Peter B. Hoffman, Jr. A Dubuque native, he was born on October 28, 1889 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery after he died on December 14, 1953. His parents were Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. and Katherine (Nickels) Hoffmann. His father's parents immigrated from Luxembourg to Ohio, where he was born, and shortly thereafter to Dubuque. Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr. was a grocer, historian and politician. His mother's parents immigrated directly from Luxembourg to Dubuque and were considered "pioneer" residents of the city. The couple had seven children: Edward M., Albert D., Alvina M., Frank Charle, Vincent, Bertha K., and Peter B. Jr. The family was Catholic. Peter B. Jr. married Barbara R. Bungert sometime between 1915 and 1925, and they had one daughter, Rosalyn Marie. Peter worked in his father's store as a grocer clerk and continued in the grocery business throughout his life; he was also drafted in WWI and WWII. Although he is never named as the person taking the photos, the pictures contain multiple images of Peter B. Hoffmann, Sr., leading to the conclusion that his son was the photographer. (Note: The name "Hoffmann" appears with both one and two "n"s throughout the family and newspaper accounts.)</text>
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              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Early 20th Century</text>
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            <element elementId="49">
              <name>Subject</name>
              <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88538">
                  <text>Dubuque (Iowa) -- Pictorial Works&#13;
Aerial &amp; Bird’s Eye Views&#13;
Banks &amp; Banking&#13;
Boats &amp; Boating&#13;
Bridges&#13;
Business Firms&#13;
Carnegie-Stout Public Library&#13;
Cemeteries&#13;
Churches &amp; Grottoes&#13;
Clubs&#13;
Disasters (Fires &amp; Floods)&#13;
Elevators&#13;
Entertainment&#13;
Farms &amp; Farming&#13;
Government (City, County and State)&#13;
Homes&#13;
Ice Harbor&#13;
Individuals &amp; Groups&#13;
Julien Dubuque Monument&#13;
Landscapes &amp; Nature&#13;
Loras College&#13;
Military&#13;
Mills&#13;
Monestary [sic]&#13;
Parades&#13;
Parks&#13;
Postal Service&#13;
Railroads&#13;
River Scenes&#13;
Schools&#13;
Steamboats&#13;
Street Scenes: Business&#13;
Street Scenes: Residential&#13;
Transportation</text>
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            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88539">
                  <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="51">
              <name>Type</name>
              <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Image</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="43">
              <name>Identifier</name>
              <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                  <text>Hoffman Collection Originals Box 1-4</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88542">
                  <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="45">
              <name>Publisher</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88543">
                  <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88544">
                  <text>Hannah Bernhard, Michael Gibson, Sydney Reilly.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="65">
              <name>Conforms To</name>
              <description>An established standard to which the described resource conforms.</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88545">
                  <text>Dublin Core Standards</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
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      <name>Image</name>
      <description>A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="144497">
              <text>black and white print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="144498">
              <text>5 x 7 in.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Hoffman, Peter B.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="144487">
                <text>Boats &amp; Boating</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="144488">
                <text>The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52231</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>[Men on Stone Bank in River]</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="144491">
                <text>HOFF 00229</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>Digital image captured with an Epson V600 scanner. TIFF file created from a print scanned in 48 bit color at 600 ppi.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="144493">
                <text>Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 Copyright LORAS COLLEGE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="144494">
                <text>This record is part of the Peter B. Hoffman Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Bernhard, Hannah</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="144496">
                <text>A stone wing dam stretches across the river. There are two men fishing off it close to the viewer, and two more in the distance. At the bottom of the photo is a man with hat sitting in a boat. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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